Standardized tests are examples of norm-referenced tests in that they highlight achievement differences between all students who take them, producing a ranking of students, usually based on a percentile. For example, a student whose percentile rank score is 63 performed as well or better than 63 percent of the students in the norm group. In the case of many of the standardized tests given in Florida, the norm group is a national group of students in the same age and/or grade category that has taken the same test.

Some tests provide stanines, which are groups of percentile ranks, usually divided into nine parts. Some tests also provide raw scores, showing how far above or below the average an individual score falls. An age/grade equivalent score may show a reading comprehension score of 3.6. That means the student has the same score as typically seen in students in the sixth month of the third grade. Most standardized tests report standard scores, stanines and percentile ranks based on a bell-shaped curve, in order to yield a normal distribution of scores.

Again, standardized, norm-referenced achievement tests, which are overwhelmingly multiple choice, usually provide only a portion of the total information about what a student actually knows or can do. However, they do provide information about how an individual's performance on the test relates to the performance of a larger group of students of similar age and educational experience.